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Compare New Caledonia (2003) - Morocco (2001)

Compare New Caledonia (2003) z Morocco (2001)

 New Caledonia (2003)Morocco (2001)
 New CaledoniaMorocco
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud 37 provinces and 2 wilayas*; Agadir, Al Hoceima, Azilal, Beni Mellal, Ben Slimane, Boulemane, Casablanca*, Chaouen, El Jadida, El Kelaa des Srarhna, Er Rachidia, Essaouira, Fes, Figuig, Guelmim, Ifrane, Kenitra, Khemisset, Khenifra, Khouribga, Laayoune, Larache, Marrakech, Meknes, Nador, Ouarzazate, Oujda, Rabat-Sale*, Safi, Settat, Sidi Kacem, Tanger, Tan-Tan, Taounate, Taroudannt, Tata, Taza, Tetouan, Tiznit

note:
three additional provinces of Ad Dakhla (Oued Eddahab), Boujdour, and Es Smara as well as parts of Tan-Tan and Laayoune fall within Moroccan-claimed Western Sahara; decentralization/regionalization law passed by the legislature in March 1997 creating many new provinces/regions; specific details and scope of the reorganization not yet available
Age structure 0-14 years: 29.7% (male 31,990; female 30,695)


15-64 years: 64.2% (male 68,093; female 67,205)


65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,016; female 6,799) (2003 est.)
0-14 years:
34.39% (male 5,368,784; female 5,170,891)

15-64 years:
60.93% (male 9,270,095; female 9,402,561)

65 years and over:
4.68% (male 646,567; female 786,407) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products barley, wheat, citrus, wine, vegetables, olives; livestock
Airports 30 (2002) 69 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 9


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 6


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
total:
26

over 3,047 m:
10

2,438 to 3,047 m:
5

1,524 to 2,437 m:
9

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 21


914 to 1,523 m: 12


under 914 m: 9 (2002)
total:
43

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
11

914 to 1,523 m:
20

under 914 m:
11 (2000 est.)
Area total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
total:
446,550 sq km

land:
446,300 sq km

water:
250 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than New Jersey slightly larger than California
Background Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated. Morocco's long struggle for independence from France ended in 1956. The internationalized city of Tangier was turned over to the new country that same year. Morocco virtually annexed Western Sahara during the late 1970s, but final resolution on the status of the territory remains unresolved. Gradual political reforms in the 1990s resulted in the establishment of a bicameral legislature in 1997.
Birth rate 19.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 24.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $861.3 million


expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)
revenues:
$9.6 billion

expenditures:
$8.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.1 billion (2001 est.)
Capital Noumea Rabat
Climate tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior
Coastline 2,254 km 1,835 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) 10 March 1972, revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create bicameral legislature) September 1996
Country name conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
conventional long form:
Kingdom of Morocco

conventional short form:
Morocco

local long form:
Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah

local short form:
Al Maghrib
Currency Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003 Moroccan dirham (MAD)
Death rate 5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 5.94 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $79 million (1998 est.) $18.4 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of France since 1956 -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of France) chief of mission:
Ambassador Edward M. GABRIEL

embassy:
2 Avenue de Mohamed El Fassi, Rabat

mailing address:
PSC 74, Box 3, APO AE 90718

telephone:
[212] (37) 76 22 65

FAX:
[212] (37) 76 56 61

consulate(s) general:
Casablanca
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of France) chief of mission:
Ambassador Abdullah MAAROUFI

chancery:
1601 21st Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 462-7979 through 7982

FAX:
[1] (202) 265-0161

consulate(s) general:
New York
Disputes - international Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty is unresolved and the UN is attempting to hold a referendum on the issue; the UN-administered cease-fire has been in effect since September 1991; Spain controls five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberania) on and off the coast of Morocco - the coastal enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla which Morocco contests, as well as the islands of Penon de Alhucemas, Penon de Velez de la Gomera, and Islas Chafarinas
Economic aid - recipient $880 million annual subsidy from France $565.6 million (1995)
Economy - overview New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years. Morocco faces the problems typical of developing countries - restraining government spending, reducing constraints on private activity and foreign trade, and achieving sustainable economic growth. Following structural adjustment programs supported by the IMF, World Bank, and the Paris Club, the dirham is now fully convertible for current account transactions, and reforms of the financial sector have been implemented. Drought conditions depressed activity in the key agricultural sector and contributed to a stagnant economy in 1999 and 2000. During that time, however, Morocco reported large foreign exchange inflows from the sale of a mobile telephone license and partial privatization of the state-owned telecommunications company. Favorable rainfalls have led Morocco to predict a growth of 1% for 2001. Formidable long-term challenges include: servicing the external debt; preparing the economy for freer trade with the EU; and improving education and attracting foreign investment to boost living standards and job prospects for Morocco's youthful population.
Electricity - consumption 1.5 billion kWh (2001) 13.441 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 705 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 1.613 billion kWh (2001) 13.695 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 76.3%


hydro: 23.7%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
fossil fuel:
89.19%

hydro:
10.81%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
lowest point:
Sebkha Tah -55 m

highest point:
Jbel Toubkal 4,165 m
Environment - current issues erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation); water supplies contaminated by raw sewage; siltation of reservoirs; oil pollution of coastal waters
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% Arab-Berber 99.1%, other 0.7%, Jewish 0.2%
Exchange rates Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 135.04 (January 2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998) Moroccan dirhams per US dollar - 10.590 (January 2001), 10.626 (2000), 9.804 (1999), 9.604 (1998), 9.527 (1997), 8.716 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002)


head of government: President of the Government Pierre FROGIER (since 5 April 2001)


cabinet: Consultative Committee


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 28 November 2002 when Pierre FROGIER was reelected
chief of state:
King MOHAMED VI (since 23 July 1999)

head of government:
Prime Minister Abderrahmane YOUSSOUFI (since 14 March 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch following legislative elections
Exports NA (2001) $7.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities ferronickels, nickel ore, fish phosphates and fertilizers, food and beverages, minerals
Exports - partners Japan 20.6%, France 20.4%, Taiwan 16.3%, South Africa 11.3%, Spain 7.7%, South Korea 5.4%, Australia 5.4%, Italy 5.3% (2002) France 35%, Spain 9%, UK 8%, Germany 7%, US 5% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Solomon's seal in the center of the flag; green is the traditional color of Islam
GDP purchasing power parity - $3 billion (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $105 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 5%


industry: 30%


services: 65% (1997 est.)
agriculture:
15%

industry:
33%

services:
52% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $14,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $3,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA 0.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 21 30 S, 165 30 E 32 00 N, 5 00 W
Geography - note consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar
Heliports 5 (2002) 1 (2000 est.)
Highways total: 4,825 km


paved: 2,287 km


unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)
total:
57,847 km

paved:
30,254 km (including 327 km of expressways)

unpaved:
27,593 km (1998)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
2.6%

highest 10%:
30.9% (1998-99)
Illicit drugs - illicit producer of hashish; trafficking on the increase for both domestic and international drug markets; shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe
Imports NA (2001) $12.2 billion (f.o.b., 1999 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs semiprocessed goods, machinery and equipment, food and beverages, consumer goods, fuel
Imports - partners France 52.8%, Australia 12.7%, Singapore 9.8% (2002) France 32%, Spain 12%, Italy 7%, Germany 6%, UK 6% (1999)
Independence none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014 2 March 1956 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate -0.6% (1996) 0.5% (1999 est.)
Industries nickel mining and smelting phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 8.06 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.76 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
48.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.6% (2000 est.) 2% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO ABEDA, ACCT (associate), AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, CCC, EBRD, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 8 (2000)
Irrigated land 160 sq km (1991) 12,580 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court Supreme Court (judges are appointed on the recommendation of the Supreme Council of the Judiciary, presided over by the monarch)
Labor force 79,395 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996) 11 million (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.) agriculture 50%, services 35%, industry 15% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
2,017.9 km

border countries:
Algeria 1,559 km, Western Sahara 443 km, Spain (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Spain (Melilla) 9.6 km
Land use arable land: 0.38%


permanent crops: 0.33%


other: 99.29% (1998 est.)
arable land:
21%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
47%

forests and woodland:
20%

other:
11% (1993 est.)
Languages French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often the language of business, government, and diplomacy
Legal system the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court
Legislative branch unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1


note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 2
bicameral Parliament consists of an upper house or Chamber of Counselors (270 seats; members elected indirectly by local councils, professional organizations, and labor syndicates for nine-year terms; one-third of the members are renewed every three years) and a lower house or Chamber of Representatives (325 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)

elections:
Chamber of Counselors - last held 15 September 2000 (next to be held NA 2002); Chamber of Representatives - last held 14 November 1997 (next to be held NA November 2002)

election results:
Chamber of Counselors - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - USFP 57, UC 50, RNI 46, MP 40, MDS 32, IP 32, MNP 19, PND 10, MPCD 9, PPS 9, FFD 9, PSD 5, OADP 4, PA 2, PDI 1

note:
CDT, UTM, UGTM, UNMT are all labor unions listed under Political pressure groups and leaders; see explanation in the description of Parliament
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.52 years


male: 70.57 years


female: 76.62 years (2003 est.)
total population:
69.43 years

male:
67.2 years

female:
71.76 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
43.7%

male:
56.6%

female:
31% (1995 est.)
Location Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara
Map references Oceania Africa
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT


ships by type: cargo 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Malaysia 1 (2002 est.)
total:
41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 223,052 GRT/272,786 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 9, chemical tanker 6, container 5, petroleum tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 9, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force Royal Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie, Auxiliary Forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure $192.3 million (FY96) $1.4 billion (FY99/00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.3% (FY96) 4% (FY99/00)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
8,182,073 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
5,160,374 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
348,380 (2001 est.)
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Throne Day (accession of King MOHAMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999)
Nationality noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
noun:
Moroccan(s)

adjective:
Moroccan
Natural hazards cyclones, most frequent from November to March northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts
Natural resources nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) -1.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 362 km; petroleum products 491 km (abandoned); natural gas 241 km
Political parties and leaders Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO] Action Party or PA [Muhammad IDRISS]; Constitutional Union or UC [leader NA]; Democratic Forces Front or FFD [Thami KHIARI]; Democratic Socialist Party or PSD [Issa OUARDIGHI]; Democratic Party for Independence or PDI [Thami EL-OUAZZANI, Said BOUACHRINE]; Istiqlal Party or IP [Abbas El-FASSI]; Labor Party or UT [leader NA]; National Democratic Party or PND [Mohamed Arsalane EL-JADIDI]; National Popular Movement or MNP [Mahjoubi AHERDANE]; National Rally of Independents or RNI [Ahmed OSMAN]; Organization of Democratic and Popular Action or OADP [Mohamed BEN SAID ait Idder]; Party of Progress and Socialism or PPS [Moulay Ismail ALAOUI]; Popular Constitutional and Democratic Movement or MPCD (has become Party of Justice and Development or PJD) [Dr. Abdelkarim KHATIB]; Popular Movement or MP [Mohamed LAENSER]; Social Democratic Movement or MDS [Mahmoud ARCHANE]; Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Abd ar-Rahman EL-YOUSSOUFI]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Association of Popular Trade Unions or ADP [leader NA]; Democratic Confederation of Labor or CDT [Noubir AMAOUI]; Democratic National Trade Union or USND [leader NA]; Democratic Trade Union or SD [leader NA]; General Union of Moroccan Workers or UGTM [Abderrazzak AFILAL]; Labor Union Commissions or CS [leader NA]; Moroccan National Workers Union or UNMT [leader NA]; Moroccan Union of Workers or UTM [Mahjoub BENSEDIQ]; Party of Shura and Istiqla [Abdelwaheb MAASH]
Population 210,798 (July 2003 est.) 30,645,305 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 19% (1999 est.)
Population growth rate 1.38% (2003 est.) 1.71% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Mueo, Noumea, Thio Agadir, El Jadida, Casablanca, El Jorf Lasfar, Kenitra, Mohammedia, Nador, Rabat, Safi, Tangier; also Spanish-controlled Ceuta and Melilla
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 27, FM 25, shortwave 6 (1998)
Radios - 6.64 million (1997)
Railways 0 km total:
1,907 km

standard gauge:
1,907 km 1.435-m gauge (1,003 km electrified; 540 km double track)
Religions Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% Muslim 98.7%, Christian 1.1%, Jewish 0.2%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.82 male(s)/female

total population:
1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment:
modern system with all important capabilities; however density is low with only 4.6 main lines available for each 100 persons

domestic:
good system composed of open-wire lines, cables, and microwave radio relay links; Internet available but expensive; principal switching centers are Casablanca and Rabat; national network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural service employs microwave radio relay

international:
7 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria; participant in Medarabtel; fiber-optic cable link from Agadir to Algeria and Tunisia (1998)
Telephones - main lines in use 47,000 (1997) 1.391 million (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 13,040 (1998) 116,645 (1998)
Television broadcast stations 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) 35 (plus 66 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain coastal plains with interior mountains northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains
Total fertility rate 2.39 children born/woman (2003 est.) 3.05 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 19% (1996) 23% (1999 est.)
Waterways none none
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